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"Why put in an Ultra Biostone after the Biostone Plus?"

by Neal and Shosanah Chantara


Municipal tap water already contains chlorine or chloramines.  It's regulated by the EPA.  It's safe, right?  ... Right?

Our public water supply system does an incredible job delivering fine water for a cheap price.  But regulation is a system of averages.  Have you noticed in your area how you can smell chlorine in the water some days?  I, Neal, was giving some Water Talks in Florida November, 2009 so I checked the recent water reports (2008) for 4 towns.  Only one failed the coliform count. (This is fecal coliform we are talking about, but they've dropped the word fecal.  Testing is done on fecal coliform as it usually shows the presence of other bacteria as well when it is present).  To fail means that greater than 5% of the samples had coliform.  So the other 3 towns are safe, right?  Yes, if you are happy knowing that in one town 1 sample in a month, and in the others only 3% and 3.4% of the samples taken had fecal coliform in them.  Did you drink 100 glasses of water in 2008?  So likely you only drank fecal coliform 3 times out of a hundred!

In the documentary movie FLOW (For the Love Of Water) available from Netflix, they mention that about 40% of those things you think of as stomach viruses or flus in the United States have been traced back to municipal water sources.  December 7, 2009, New York Times article By Charles Duhigg:
More than 20 percent of the nation’s water treatment systems have violated key provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act over the last five years, according to a New York Times analysis of federal data. Safe, right?

Don't think you're safe with bottled water.  1/3 of 1000 bottles tested didn't even pass EPA municipal standards.  Soft drinks, vitamin water, and sports drinks are made from the same waters.

Back to Municipal Water.  What is the lag time between when water is found to contain a contaminate and when the public is told not to drink it?  First, it takes 24 hours for a sample to incubate to confirm E coli.  Wednesday, November 25, 2009 a water sample in Portland, OR contained E coli from fecal contamination so this was known on Thursday.  Federal law gives them 24 hours to retest.  E coli was confirmed on Friday's sample Saturday morning.  Then they issued a boil water alert.

Giardia and Cryptosporidium have been showing up in a shocking number of public systems (
cysts have been found in most major municipal water supplies in the United States, and more than 63% of water problems in the United States may be caused by Giardia and Cryptosporidia.).  Chlorine does work "under certain favorable conditions", but these parasites in the presence of chlorine or iodine, or when placed out of water, these parasites develop hard shells and turn into resistant cysts that are very hard to kill.

The solution:  Membrane Filtration is recommended by everyone in the field, not just IonWays.  This is like using a strainer to take out large chunks of stuff.  We found a 4 page list of the micron size of various bacteria, fungi, and viruses.  Most are bigger than 0.1 micron; none are smaller than 0.01 micron.

We need to understand the difference between "nominal" and "absolute" membrane micron size.  "Nominal" 0.1 micron means it takes out everything down to a range of 0.1 micron to 1 micron.  "Absolute" means it takes out everything down to that size.  The industry standard is to use the "Nominal" size which gives a false sense of security.  Look at the filters of various companies (if they even bother to tell you).  I've seen some filters listed as 1 micron and 5 micron.  These depend on the tap water to be free of bacteria and virus.  Is it?  

Our Biostone Plus is 0.1 micron nominal or 1 micron absolute.  The Ultra Biostone is 0.01  micron absolute (the same membrane size used for kidney dialysis).  Remember the size of bacteria, fungi, and viruses: Most are bigger than 0.1 micron; none are smaller than 0.01 micron.  Personally we are not comfortable just taking out most. 

The Athena is ideally set up to use 2 filters.  We need the Biostone Plus to take out chlorine, chloramines, heavy metals, and more.  In order to add an Ultra Biostone, put the Biostone Plus on the left side so it is first.  For ultimate protection, put an Ultra Biostone on the right side so it is second.  With this 2 filter set up we are comfortable changing both filters when the counter on filter 2 reaches 9999.  If you are using the Ultra Biostone alone (no chlorine or chloramine in your water) you should change the Ultra Biostone at 5000 on the counter.

We want you to be knowledgeable enough to choose your own level of protection.